OpenStack frequently used command

OpenStack Compute - Nova

• list instances nova list openstack server list
• list/check flavor nova flavor-list nova flavor-show <name or ID> openstack flavor list openstack flavor show <name or ID>
• create flavor openstack flavor create --ram <ram> --vcpus <cpu number> --disk <size> --id <id> <name> nova flavor-create <name> <id> <ram> <disk> <vcpus>
• launch an instance nova boot <name> --image <image> --flavor <flavor> openstack server create --flavor <flavor> --image <image> <name>
• launch an instance with network openstack server create --flavor <flavor> --image <image> <name> net-id=<network>
• launch an instance with key-pair nova boot <name> --image <image> --flavor <flavor> --key-name <key-pair name> openstack server create --flavor <flavor> --image <image> <name>
• access instance via router ip netns list sudo ip netns exec <qrouter-id> ssh -i <key> user@ip
• launch an instance with custom port nova boot --image <image> --flavor <flavor> --nic port-id=<port-id> <instance name>
• delete an instance nova delete <ID> openstack server delete <ID or name>

Openstack Network - Neutron

• list network openstack network list
• list subnetwork openstack subnet list --long
• create a network openstack network create <net name>
• create a subnetwork openstack subnet create <subnet name> --network <net name> --subnet-range <ip address>/<prefix> --gateway <gw ip> --allocation-pool start=IP_ADDR,end=IP_ADDR e.g. openstack subnet create practicesubnet --network practice --subnet-range 10.2.0.224/27 --gateway 10.2.0.225 --allocation-pool start=10.2.0.240,end=10.2.0.245
• create port with specify IP address openstack subnet list --long to confirm avaiable address range openstack port create --network=<network> --fixed-ip subnet=private-subnet,ip-address=<ip_address> <port name>
• create port without specify IP address openstack port create <port name> --network <network> system will allocate one IP address for this port
• search ports with specified fixed IP addresses neutron port-list --fixed-ips ip_address=<IP1> ip_address=<IP2>
• create a router openstack router create <router>
• Link the router to the external provider network openstack router set <router> --external-gateway <public network>
• add subnet to router openstack router add subnet <router> <subnet>
• remove subnet from router openstack router remove subnet <router> <subnet>
• delete router openstack router delete <router>
• create external network openstack network create public --external --provider-network-type flat --provider-physical-network external
• manage floating IP neutron floatingip-create
neutron floatingip-delete neutron floatingip-associate neutron floatingip-disassociate neutron floatingip-list

e.g. neutron floatingip-create public neutron floatingip-associate <fip ID> <port ID of instance's internal ip>

OpenStack Image - Glance

• image list and show detail glance image-list glance image-show <ID> openstack image list openstack image show <name or ID>
• check image file info qemu-img info <path/to/image>
• create image from file glance image-create --progress --name <name> --file /path/to/file --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --visibility public
• download image openstack image save <image> --file <save/to/file>
• delete an image glance image-delete <ID> openstack image delete <ID>

OpenStack block Storage - Cinder

• volume list and show detail cinder list cinder show <ID> openstack volume list openstack volume show <name or ID>
• create new empty volume cinder create --name <vol name> <size in GiBs>
• create new volume from image cinder create --name <vol name> <size in GiBs> --image <ID or Name>
• attach volume to an instance openstack server add volume <instance> <volume> nova volume-attach <instance> <volume ID> <device>
• detach volume from an instance openstack server remove volume <instance> <volume> nova volume-detach <server> <volume>
• delete volume cinder delete <volume> openstack volume delete <volume>

OpenStack Identity - Keystone

• issue a token openstack token issue
• check auth info source credrc.sh which the file looks like

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export OS_AUTH_TYPE=password
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://127.0.0.1:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION="3"
export OS_TENANT_NAME="demo"
export OS_USERNAME="demo"
export OS_PASSWORD="nova"
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_ID="default"
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_ID="default"
export OS_REGION_NAME="RegionOne"
alias osc="openstack --os-cloud"

• check auth info with export | grep OS_
• create new project openstack project create --description "text" <project name>
• create and delete user openstack user create <name> --password pass openstack user delete <name>
• check role list openstack role list
• change user’s role in project openstack role add --user <user> --project <project> <role>
• show quota of a project openstack quota show <project id> nova quota-show --tenant <project id>
• update quota of a project openstack quota set --<key> <value> <project id> nova quota-update --<key> <value> <project id>
• change policy

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vim /etc/glance/policy.json
...
    "add_image": "role:admin",
...

• key pair create and list nova keypair-add <name> --pub-key <path/to/public/key> openstack keypair create <name> --pub-key <path/to/public/key> nova keypair-list
• add security group rule to allow SSH access openstack security group rule create <rule name> --ingress --dst-port 22:22 --protocol tcp --remote-ip 0.0.0.0/0 <group name> nova secgroup-add-rule <group name> <ip-proto> <from-port> <to-port> e.g. nova secgroup-add-rule novasg2 tcp 22 22 0.0.0.0/24
• list security group and rule openstack security group list openstack security group rule list

OpenStack Object Storage - Swift

The account is not the user account, but more like a namespace/project in swift. The container is like the directory.

e.g. swift upload uploads files/puppies.jpg --object-name picture

1. adding a read ACL on the uploads container allowing anyone to read it except for people from gadget.example.com. swift post -r .r:*,-gadget.example.com uploads
2. adding a write ACL to the uploads container allowing anyone in the phone project to write to it. swift post -w phone:* uploads