以 CentOS 7、Docker 1.12.6 为基础说明。
安装 Docker#
在 Linux 系统上安装 Docker 的前置条件：
- Docker 只能安装在 64 位操作系统上。
- 建议内核版本高于 3.10。
- 需要启用 cgroup 和 namespace。
现在在 CentOS 或 Fedora 上安装 Docker 更加简单，可以用如下 yum 命令搜索：
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| $ yum search docker | grep ^docker
docker-client.x86_64 : Client side files for Docker
docker-client-latest.x86_64 : Client side files for Docker
docker-common.x86_64 : Common files for docker and docker-latest
docker-compose.noarch : Multi-container orchestration for Docker
docker-distribution.x86_64 : Docker toolset to pack, ship, store, and deliver
docker-latest-logrotate.x86_64 : cron job to run logrotate on Docker containers
docker-latest-v1.10-migrator.x86_64 : Calculates SHA256 checksums for docker
docker-logrotate.x86_64 : cron job to run logrotate on Docker containers
docker-lvm-plugin.x86_64 : Docker volume driver for lvm volumes
docker-python.x86_64 : An API client for docker written in Python
docker-registry.x86_64 : Registry server for Docker
docker-v1.10-migrator.x86_64 : Calculates SHA256 checksums for docker layer
docker.x86_64 : Automates deployment of containerized applications
docker-devel.x86_64 : A golang registry for global request variables (source
docker-forward-journald.x86_64 : Forward stdin to journald
docker-latest.x86_64 : Automates deployment of containerized applications
docker-novolume-plugin.x86_64 : Block container starts with local volumes
docker-unit-test.x86_64 : Automates deployment of containerized applications -
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运行 yum -y install docker 安装 Docker。
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| $ yum -y install docker
...snip...
Installed:
docker.x86_64 2:1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.1
Complete!
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安装完成后，启动 docker 服务，并用 docker version 检查安装情况。
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| $ systemctl start docker
$ docker version
Client:
Version: 1.12.6
API version: 1.24
Package version: docker-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.1.x86_64
Go version: go1.8.3
Git commit: 3e8e77d/1.12.6
Built: Tue Jan 30 09:17:00 2018
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Server:
Version: 1.12.6
API version: 1.24
Package version: docker-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.1.x86_64
Go version: go1.8.3
Git commit: 3e8e77d/1.12.6
Built: Tue Jan 30 09:17:00 2018
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
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Docker 基本命令#
这里介绍一些 Docker 的基本命令，更多细节请参考 Docker Documentation。
Docker 命令用于与 docker 守护进程通信。
docker 守护进程会监听并执行 docker 命令。运行 docker 或 docker --help 可以查看命令列表。
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| $ docker --help
...
Commands:
attach Attach to a running container
build Build an image from a Dockerfile
commit Create a new image from a container's changes
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version Show the Docker version information
volume Manage Docker volumes
wait Block until a container stops, then print its exit code
Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.
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运行 docker 命令需要 root 权限。